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cosmopolitan/examples/kilo.c

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/*-*- mode:c;indent-tabs-mode:nil;c-basic-offset:2;tab-width:8;coding:utf-8 -*-│
│vi: set net ft=c ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 fenc=utf-8 :vi│
╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
│ │
│ Kilo ── A very simple editor in less than 1-kilo lines of code (as │
│ counted by "cloc"). Does not depend on libcurses, directly │
│ emits VT100 escapes on the terminal. │
│ │
╞══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡
│ Copyright 2016 Salvatore Sanfilippo <antirez@gmail.com> │
│ │
│ Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without │
│ modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are │
│ met: │
│ │
│ * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright │
│ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. │
│ │
│ * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright │
│ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the │
│ documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. │
│ │
│ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS │
│ "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT │
│ LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR │
│ A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT │
│ HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, │
│ SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT │
│ LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, │
│ DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY │
│ THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT │
│ (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE │
│ OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. │
╚─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
asm(".ident \"\n\
Kilo ─ A very simple editor (BSD-2)\n\
Copyright 2016 Salvatore Sanfilippo\n\
Contact: antirez@gmail.com\"\n\
.include \"libc/disclaimer.inc\"");
/*
* This software has been modified by Justine Tunney to:
*
* 1. Have Emacs keybindings.
*
* 2. Be capable of editing files with ANSI color codes, in such a way
* that the ANSI color codes are displayed 'as is' (since that's
* something no other editor can quite do). The kinda buggy syntax
* highlighting code needed to be commented out, to do this.
*/
#define KILO_VERSION "0.0.1"
#define SYNTAX 1
#ifndef _BSD_SOURCE
#define _BSD_SOURCE
#endif
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include "libc/alg/alg.h"
#include "libc/alg/arraylist2.h"
#include "libc/calls/calls.h"
#include "libc/calls/termios.h"
#include "libc/calls/weirdtypes.h"
#include "libc/errno.h"
#include "libc/fmt/fmt.h"
#include "libc/log/log.h"
#include "libc/mem/mem.h"
#include "libc/runtime/runtime.h"
#include "libc/stdio/stdio.h"
#include "libc/str/str.h"
#include "libc/sysv/consts/fileno.h"
#include "libc/sysv/consts/o.h"
#include "libc/sysv/consts/termios.h"
#include "libc/time/time.h"
/* Syntax highlight types */
#define HL_NORMAL 0
#define HL_NONPRINT 1
#define HL_COMMENT 2 /* Single line comment. */
#define HL_MLCOMMENT 3 /* Multi-line comment. */
#define HL_KEYWORD1 4
#define HL_KEYWORD2 5
#define HL_STRING 6
#define HL_NUMBER 7
#define HL_MATCH 8 /* Search match. */
#define HL_HIGHLIGHT_STRINGS (1 << 0)
#define HL_HIGHLIGHT_NUMBERS (1 << 1)
struct editorSyntax {
const char *const *filematch;
const char *const *keywords;
char singleline_comment_start[2];
char multiline_comment_start[3];
char multiline_comment_end[3];
int flags;
};
/* This structure represents a single line of the file we are editing. */
typedef struct erow {
int idx; /* Row index in the file, zero-based. */
int size; /* Size of the row, excluding the null term. */
int rsize; /* Size of the rendered row. */
char *chars; /* Row content. */
char *render; /* Row content "rendered" for screen (for TABs). */
unsigned char *hl; /* Syntax highlight type for each character in render.*/
int hl_oc; /* Row had open comment at end in last syntax highlight
check. */
} erow;
typedef struct hlcolor {
int r, g, b;
} hlcolor;
struct editorConfig {
int cx, cy; /* Cursor x and y position in characters */
int rowoff; /* Offset of row displayed. */
int coloff; /* Offset of column displayed. */
int screenrows; /* Number of rows that we can show */
int screencols; /* Number of cols that we can show */
int numrows; /* Number of rows */
int rawmode; /* Is terminal raw mode enabled? */
erow *row; /* Rows */
int dirty; /* File modified but not saved. */
char *filename; /* Currently open filename */
char statusmsg[80];
time_t statusmsg_time;
const struct editorSyntax *syntax; /* Current syntax highlight, or NULL. */
};
static struct editorConfig E;
#define CTRL(C) ((C) ^ 0b01000000) /* where ^W etc. codes come from */
enum KEY_ACTION {
ARROW_LEFT = 1000,
ARROW_RIGHT,
ARROW_UP,
ARROW_DOWN,
DEL_KEY,
HOME_KEY,
END_KEY,
PAGE_UP,
PAGE_DOWN
};
void editorSetStatusMessage(const char *fmt, ...);
/* =========================== Syntax highlights DB =========================
*
* In order to add a new syntax, define two arrays with a list of file name
* matches and keywords. The file name matches are used in order to match
* a given syntax with a given file name: if a match pattern starts with a
* dot, it is matched as the last past of the filename, for example ".c".
* Otherwise the pattern is just searched inside the filenme, like "Makefile").
*
* The list of keywords to highlight is just a list of words, however if they
* a trailing '|' character is added at the end, they are highlighted in
* a different color, so that you can have two different sets of keywords.
*
* Finally add a stanza in the HLDB global variable with two two arrays
* of strings, and a set of flags in order to enable highlighting of
* comments and numbers.
*
* The characters for single and multi line comments must be exactly two
* and must be provided as well (see the C language example).
*
* There is no support to highlight patterns currently. */
/* C / C++ */
const char *const C_HL_extensions[] = {".c", ".h", ".cpp", NULL};
const char *const C_HL_keywords[] = {
/* A few C / C++ keywords */
"switch", "if", "while", "for", "break", "continue", "return", "else",
"struct", "union", "typedef", "static", "enum", "class",
/* C types */
"int|", "long|", "double|", "float|", "char|", "unsigned|", "signed|",
"void|", "const|", "size_t|", "ssize_t|", "uint8_t|", "int8_t|",
"uint16_t|", "int16_t|", "uint32_t|", "int32_t|", "uint64_t|", "int64_t|",
NULL};
/* Here we define an array of syntax highlights by extensions, keywords,
* comments delimiters and flags. */
const struct editorSyntax HLDB[] = {
{/* C / C++ */
C_HL_extensions, C_HL_keywords, "//", "/*", "*/",
HL_HIGHLIGHT_STRINGS | HL_HIGHLIGHT_NUMBERS}};
#define HLDB_ENTRIES (sizeof(HLDB) / sizeof(HLDB[0]))
/* ======================= Low level terminal handling ====================== */
static struct termios orig_termios; /* In order to restore at exit.*/
void disableRawMode(int64_t fd) {
/* Don't even check the return value as it's too late. */
if (E.rawmode) {
tcsetattr(fd, TCSAFLUSH, &orig_termios);
E.rawmode = 0;
}
}
/* Called at exit to avoid remaining in raw mode. */
void editorAtExit(void) {
char buf[64];
disableRawMode(STDIN_FILENO);
write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf,
sprintf(buf, "\e[%d;%dH\r\n\r\n\r\n", E.screenrows, E.screencols));
}
/* Raw mode: 1960 magic shit. */
int enableRawMode(int64_t fd) {
struct termios raw;
if (E.rawmode) return 0; /* Already enabled. */
if (!isatty(STDIN_FILENO)) goto fatal;
atexit(editorAtExit);
if (tcgetattr(fd, &orig_termios) == -1) goto fatal;
raw = orig_termios; /* modify the original mode */
/* input modes: no break, no CR to NL, no parity check, no strip char,
* no start/stop output control. */
raw.c_iflag &= ~(BRKINT | ICRNL | INPCK | ISTRIP | IXON);
/* output modes - disable post processing */
raw.c_oflag &= ~(OPOST);
/* control modes - set 8 bit chars */
raw.c_cflag |= (CS8);
/* local modes - choing off, canonical off, no extended functions,
* no signal chars (^Z,^C) */
raw.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO | ICANON | IEXTEN | ISIG);
/* control chars - set return condition: min number of bytes and timer. */
raw.c_cc[VMIN] = 0; /* Return each byte, or zero for timeout. */
raw.c_cc[VTIME] = 1; /* 100 ms timeout (unit is tens of second). */
/* put terminal in raw mode after flushing */
if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSAFLUSH, &raw) < 0) goto fatal;
E.rawmode = 1;
return 0;
fatal:
errno = ENOTTY;
return -1;
}
/* Read a key from the terminal put in raw mode, trying to handle
* escape sequences. */
int editorReadKey(int64_t fd) {
int nread;
char c, seq[3];
if ((nread = read(fd, &c, 1)) == -1) exit(1);
while (1) {
switch (c) {
case CTRL('J'): /* newline */
return CTRL('M');
case CTRL('V'):
return PAGE_DOWN;
case '\e': /* escape sequence */
/* If this is just an ESC, we'll timeout here. */
if (read(fd, seq, 1) == 0) return CTRL('[');
if (seq[0] == '[') {
if (read(fd, seq + 1, 1) == 0) return CTRL('[');
if (seq[1] >= '0' && seq[1] <= '9') {
/* Extended escape, read additional byte. */
if (read(fd, seq + 2, 1) == 0) return CTRL('[');
if (seq[2] == '~') {
switch (seq[1]) {
case '3':
return DEL_KEY;
case '5':
return PAGE_UP;
case '6':
return PAGE_DOWN;
}
}
} else {
/* Arrow Keys
*
* KEY CODE FN SHIFT OPTION
* ───── ────── ────── ────── ──────
* UP ←[A ←[5~ ←[A ←[A
* DOWN ←[B ←[6~ ←[B ←[B
* RIGHT ←[C ←[4~ ←[1;2C ←[f
* LEFT ←[D ←[1~ ←[1;2C ←[b
*/
switch (seq[1]) {
case 'A':
return ARROW_UP;
case 'B':
return ARROW_DOWN;
case 'C':
return ARROW_RIGHT;
case 'D':
return ARROW_LEFT;
case 'H':
return HOME_KEY;
case 'F':
return END_KEY;
}
}
} else if (seq[0] == 'v') {
return PAGE_UP;
} else if (seq[0] == 'O') {
if (read(fd, seq + 1, 1) == 0) return CTRL('[');
/* ESC O sequences. */
switch (seq[1]) {
case 'H':
return HOME_KEY;
case 'F':
return END_KEY;
}
}
break;
default:
return c;
}
}
}
/* Use the ESC [6n escape sequence to query the horizontal cursor position
* and return it. On error -1 is returned, on success the position of the
* cursor is stored at *rows and *cols and 0 is returned. */
int getCursorPosition(int64_t ifd, int64_t ofd, int *rows, int *cols) {
char buf[32];
unsigned i = 0;
/* Report cursor location */
if (write(ofd, "\e[6n", 4) != 4) return -1;
/* Read the response: ESC [ rows ; cols R */
while (i < sizeof(buf) - 1) {
if (read(ifd, buf + i, 1) != 1) break;
if (buf[i] == 'R') break;
i++;
}
buf[i] = '\0';
/* Parse it. */
if (buf[0] != CTRL('[') || buf[1] != '[') return -1;
if (sscanf(buf + 2, "%d;%d", rows, cols) != 2) return -1;
return 0;
}
/* Try to get the number of columns in the current terminal. If the ioctl()
* call fails the function will try to query the terminal itself.
* Returns 0 on success, -1 on error. */
int getWindowSize(int64_t ifd, int64_t ofd, int *rows, int *cols) {
struct winsize ws;
if (getttysize(STDOUT_FILENO, &ws) == -1 || ws.ws_col == 0) {
/* ioctl() failed. Try to query the terminal itself. */
int orig_row, orig_col, retval;
/* Get the initial position so we can restore it later. */
retval = getCursorPosition(ifd, ofd, &orig_row, &orig_col);
if (retval == -1) goto failed;
/* Go to right/bottom margin and get position. */
if (write(ofd, "\e[999C\e[999B", 12) != 12) goto failed;
retval = getCursorPosition(ifd, ofd, rows, cols);
if (retval == -1) goto failed;
/* Restore position. */
char seq[32];
snprintf(seq, 32, "\e[%d;%dH", orig_row, orig_col);
if (write(ofd, seq, strlen(seq)) == -1) {
/* Can't recover... */
}
return 0;
} else {
*cols = ws.ws_col;
*rows = ws.ws_row;
return 0;
}
failed:
return -1;
}
/* ====================== Syntax highlight color scheme ==================== */
int is_separator(int c) {
return c == '\0' || isspace(c) || strchr(",.()+-/*=~%[];", c) != NULL;
}
/* Return true if the specified row last char is part of a multi line comment
* that starts at this row or at one before, and does not end at the end
* of the row but spawns to the next row. */
int editorRowHasOpenComment(erow *row) {
if (row->hl && row->rsize && row->hl[row->rsize - 1] == HL_MLCOMMENT &&
(row->rsize < 2 || (row->render[row->rsize - 2] != '*' ||
row->render[row->rsize - 1] != '/')))
return 1;
return 0;
}
/* Set every byte of row->hl (that corresponds to every character in the line)
* to the right syntax highlight type (HL_* defines). */
void editorUpdateSyntax(erow *row) {
row->hl = realloc(row->hl, row->rsize);
memset(row->hl, HL_NORMAL, row->rsize);
if (E.syntax == NULL) return; /* No syntax, everything is HL_NORMAL. */
int i, prev_sep, in_string, in_comment;
char *p;
const char *const *keywords = E.syntax->keywords;
char *scs = E.syntax->singleline_comment_start;
char *mcs = E.syntax->multiline_comment_start;
char *mce = E.syntax->multiline_comment_end;
/* Point to the first non-space char. */
p = row->render;
i = 0; /* Current char offset */
while (*p && isspace(*p)) {
p++;
i++;
}
prev_sep = 1; /* Tell the parser if 'i' points to start of word. */
in_string = 0; /* Are we inside "" or '' ? */
in_comment = 0; /* Are we inside multi-line comment? */
/* If the previous line has an open comment, this line starts
* with an open comment state. */
if (row->idx > 0 && editorRowHasOpenComment(&E.row[row->idx - 1]))
in_comment = 1;
while (*p) {
/* Handle // comments. */
if (prev_sep && *p == scs[0] && *(p + 1) == scs[1]) {
/* From here to end is a comment */
memset(row->hl + i, HL_COMMENT, row->size - i);
return;
}
/* Handle multi line comments. */
if (in_comment) {
row->hl[i] = HL_MLCOMMENT;
if (*p == mce[0] && *(p + 1) == mce[1]) {
row->hl[i + 1] = HL_MLCOMMENT;
p += 2;
i += 2;
in_comment = 0;
prev_sep = 1;
continue;
} else {
prev_sep = 0;
p++;
i++;
continue;
}
} else if (*p == mcs[0] && *(p + 1) == mcs[1]) {
row->hl[i] = HL_MLCOMMENT;
row->hl[i + 1] = HL_MLCOMMENT;
p += 2;
i += 2;
in_comment = 1;
prev_sep = 0;
continue;
}
/* Handle "" and '' */
if (in_string) {
row->hl[i] = HL_STRING;
if (*p == '\\') {
row->hl[i + 1] = HL_STRING;
p += 2;
i += 2;
prev_sep = 0;
continue;
}
if (*p == in_string) in_string = 0;
p++;
i++;
continue;
} else {
if (*p == '"' || *p == '\'') {
in_string = *p;
row->hl[i] = HL_STRING;
p++;
i++;
prev_sep = 0;
continue;
}
}
/* Handle non printable chars. */
if (!isprint(*p)) {
row->hl[i] = HL_NONPRINT;
p++;
i++;
prev_sep = 0;
continue;
}
/* Handle numbers */
if ((isdigit(*p) && (prev_sep || row->hl[i - 1] == HL_NUMBER)) ||
(*p == '.' && i > 0 && row->hl[i - 1] == HL_NUMBER)) {
row->hl[i] = HL_NUMBER;
p++;
i++;
prev_sep = 0;
continue;
}
/* Handle keywords and lib calls */
if (prev_sep) {
int j;
for (j = 0; keywords[j]; j++) {
int klen = strlen(keywords[j]);
int kw2 = keywords[j][klen - 1] == '|';
if (kw2) klen--;
if (!memcmp(p, keywords[j], klen) && is_separator(*(p + klen))) {
/* Keyword */
memset(row->hl + i, kw2 ? HL_KEYWORD2 : HL_KEYWORD1, klen);
p += klen;
i += klen;
break;
}
}
if (keywords[j] != NULL) {
prev_sep = 0;
continue; /* We had a keyword match */
}
}
/* Not special chars */
prev_sep = is_separator(*p);
p++;
i++;
}
/* Propagate syntax change to the next row if the open commen
* state changed. This may recursively affect all the following rows
* in the file. */
int oc = editorRowHasOpenComment(row);
#if SYNTAX
if (row->hl_oc != oc && row->idx + 1 < E.numrows)
editorUpdateSyntax(&E.row[row->idx + 1]);
#endif
row->hl_oc = oc;
}
/* Maps syntax highlight token types to terminal colors. */
int editorSyntaxToColor(int hl) {
switch (hl) {
case HL_COMMENT:
case HL_MLCOMMENT:
return 36; /* cyan */
case HL_KEYWORD1:
return 33; /* yellow */
case HL_KEYWORD2:
return 32; /* green */
case HL_STRING:
return 35; /* magenta */
case HL_NUMBER:
return 31; /* red */
case HL_MATCH:
return 34; /* blu */
default:
return 37; /* white */
}
}
/* Select the syntax highlight scheme depending on the filename,
* setting it in the global state E.syntax. */
void editorSelectSyntaxHighlight(char *filename) {
for (unsigned j = 0; j < HLDB_ENTRIES; j++) {
struct editorSyntax *s = HLDB + j;
unsigned i = 0;
while (s->filematch[i]) {
char *p;
int patlen = strlen(s->filematch[i]);
if ((p = strstr(filename, s->filematch[i])) != NULL) {
if (s->filematch[i][0] != '.' || p[patlen] == '\0') {
E.syntax = s;
return;
}
}
i++;
}
}
}
/* ======================= Editor rows implementation ======================= */
/* Update the rendered version and the syntax highlight of a row. */
void editorUpdateRow(erow *row) {
int tabs = 0, nonprint = 0, j, idx;
/* Create a version of the row we can directly print on the screen,
* respecting tabs, substituting non printable characters with '?'. */
free(row->render);
for (j = 0; j < row->size; j++) {
if (row->chars[j] == '\t') tabs++;
}
row->render = malloc(row->size + tabs * 8 + nonprint * 9 + 1);
idx = 0;
for (j = 0; j < row->size; j++) {
if (row->chars[j] == '\t') {
row->render[idx++] = ' ';
while (idx % 8 != 0) {
row->render[idx++] = ' ';
}
} else {
row->render[idx++] = row->chars[j];
}
}
row->rsize = idx;
row->render[idx] = '\0';
/* Update the syntax highlighting attributes of the row. */
#if SYNTAX
editorUpdateSyntax(row);
#endif
}
/* Insert a row at the specified position, shifting the other rows on the bottom
* if required. */
void editorInsertRow(int at, char *s, size_t len) {
if (at > E.numrows) return;
E.row = realloc(E.row, sizeof(erow) * (E.numrows + 1));
if (at != E.numrows) {
memmove(E.row + at + 1, E.row + at, sizeof(E.row[0]) * (E.numrows - at));
for (int j = at + 1; j <= E.numrows; j++) E.row[j].idx++;
}
E.row[at].size = len;
E.row[at].chars = malloc(len + 1);
memcpy(E.row[at].chars, s, len + 1);
E.row[at].hl = NULL;
E.row[at].hl_oc = 0;
E.row[at].render = NULL;
E.row[at].rsize = 0;
E.row[at].idx = at;
editorUpdateRow(E.row + at);
E.numrows++;
E.dirty++;
}
/* Free row's heap allocated stuff. */
void editorFreeRow(erow *row) {
free(row->render);
free(row->chars);
free(row->hl);
}
/* Remove the row at the specified position, shifting the remainign on the
* top. */
void editorDelRow(int at) {
erow *row;
if (at >= E.numrows) return;
row = E.row + at;
editorFreeRow(row);
memmove(E.row + at, E.row + at + 1, sizeof(E.row[0]) * (E.numrows - at - 1));
for (int j = at; j < E.numrows - 1; j++) E.row[j].idx++;
E.numrows--;
E.dirty++;
}
/* Turn the editor rows into a single heap-allocated string.
* Returns the pointer to the heap-allocated string and populate the
* integer pointed by 'buflen' with the size of the string, escluding
* the final nulterm. */
char *editorRowsToString(int *buflen) {
char *buf = NULL, *p;
int totlen = 0;
int j;
/* Compute count of bytes */
for (j = 0; j < E.numrows; j++) {
totlen += E.row[j].size + 1; /* +1 is for "\n" at end of every row */
}
*buflen = totlen;
totlen++; /* Also make space for nulterm */
p = buf = malloc(totlen);
for (j = 0; j < E.numrows; j++) {
memcpy(p, E.row[j].chars, E.row[j].size);
p += E.row[j].size;
*p = '\n';
p++;
}
*p = '\0';
return buf;
}
/* Insert a character at the specified position in a row, moving the remaining
* chars on the right if needed. */
void editorRowInsertChar(erow *row, int at, int c) {
if (at > row->size) {
/* Pad the string with spaces if the insert location is outside the
* current length by more than a single character. */
int padlen = at - row->size;
/* In the next line +2 means: new char and null term. */
row->chars = realloc(row->chars, row->size + padlen + 2);
memset(row->chars + row->size, ' ', padlen);
row->chars[row->size + padlen + 1] = '\0';
row->size += padlen + 1;
} else {
/* If we are in the middle of the string just make space for 1 new
* char plus the (already existing) null term. */
row->chars = realloc(row->chars, row->size + 2);
memmove(row->chars + at + 1, row->chars + at, row->size - at + 1);
row->size++;
}
row->chars[at] = c;
editorUpdateRow(row);
E.dirty++;
}
/* Append the string 's' at the end of a row */
void editorRowAppendString(erow *row, char *s, size_t len) {
row->chars = realloc(row->chars, row->size + len + 1);
memcpy(row->chars + row->size, s, len);
row->size += len;
row->chars[row->size] = '\0';
editorUpdateRow(row);
E.dirty++;
}
/* Delete the character at offset 'at' from the specified row. */
void editorRowDelChar(erow *row, int at) {
if (row->size <= at) return;
memmove(row->chars + at, row->chars + at + 1, row->size - at);
editorUpdateRow(row);
row->size--;
E.dirty++;
}
/* Insert the specified char at the current prompt position. */
void editorInsertChar(int c) {
int filerow = E.rowoff + E.cy;
int filecol = E.coloff + E.cx;
erow *row = (filerow >= E.numrows) ? NULL : &E.row[filerow];
/* If the row where the cursor is currently located does not exist in our
* logical representaion of the file, add enough empty rows as needed. */
if (!row) {
while (E.numrows <= filerow) editorInsertRow(E.numrows, "", 0);
}
row = &E.row[filerow];
editorRowInsertChar(row, filecol, c);
if (E.cx == E.screencols - 1) {
E.coloff++;
} else {
E.cx++;
}
E.dirty++;
}
/* Inserting a newline is slightly complex as we have to handle inserting a
* newline in the middle of a line, splitting the line as needed. */
void editorInsertNewline(void) {
int filerow = E.rowoff + E.cy;
int filecol = E.coloff + E.cx;
erow *row = (filerow >= E.numrows) ? NULL : &E.row[filerow];
if (!row) {
if (filerow == E.numrows) {
editorInsertRow(filerow, "", 0);
goto fixcursor;
}
return;
}
/* If the cursor is over the current line size, we want to conceptually
* think it's just over the last character. */
if (filecol >= row->size) filecol = row->size;
if (filecol == 0) {
editorInsertRow(filerow, "", 0);
} else {
/* We are in the middle of a line. Split it between two rows. */
editorInsertRow(filerow + 1, row->chars + filecol, row->size - filecol);
row = &E.row[filerow];
row->chars[filecol] = '\0';
row->size = filecol;
editorUpdateRow(row);
}
fixcursor:
if (E.cy == E.screenrows - 1) {
E.rowoff++;
} else {
E.cy++;
}
E.cx = 0;
E.coloff = 0;
}
/* Delete the char at the current prompt position. */
void editorDelChar(void) {
int filerow = E.rowoff + E.cy;
int filecol = E.coloff + E.cx;
erow *row = (filerow >= E.numrows) ? NULL : &E.row[filerow];
if (!row || (filecol == 0 && filerow == 0)) return;
if (filecol == 0) {
/* Handle the case of column 0, we need to move the current line
* on the right of the previous one. */
filecol = E.row[filerow - 1].size;
editorRowAppendString(&E.row[filerow - 1], row->chars, row->size);
editorDelRow(filerow);
row = NULL;
if (E.cy == 0)
E.rowoff--;
else
E.cy--;
E.cx = filecol;
if (E.cx >= E.screencols) {
int shift = (E.screencols - E.cx) + 1;
E.cx -= shift;
E.coloff += shift;
}
} else {
editorRowDelChar(row, filecol - 1);
if (E.cx == 0 && E.coloff)
E.coloff--;
else
E.cx--;
}
if (row) editorUpdateRow(row);
E.dirty++;
}
/* Load the specified program in the editor memory and returns 0 on success
* or 1 on error. */
int editorOpen(char *filename) {
FILE *fp;
E.dirty = 0;
free(E.filename);
E.filename = strdup(filename);
fp = fopen(filename, "r");
if (!fp) {
if (errno != ENOENT) {
perror("Opening file");
exit(1);
}
return 1;
}
char *line = NULL;
size_t linecap = 0;
ssize_t linelen;
while ((linelen = getline(&line, &linecap, fp)) != -1) {
if (linelen && (line[linelen - 1] == '\n' || line[linelen - 1] == '\r'))
line[--linelen] = '\0';
editorInsertRow(E.numrows, line, linelen);
}
free(line);
fclose(fp);
E.dirty = 0;
return 0;
}
#define UNSAFE_SAVES 1
/* Save the current file on disk. Return 0 on success, 1 on error. */
int editorSave(void) {
int len;
char *buf = editorRowsToString(&len);
int64_t fd = open(E.filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0644);
if (fd == -1) goto writeerr;
/* Use truncate + a single write(2) call in order to make saving
* a bit safer, under the limits of what we can do in a small editor. */
if (ftruncate(fd, len) == -1) goto writeerr;
if (write(fd, buf, len) != len) goto writeerr;
close(fd);
free(buf);
E.dirty = 0;
editorSetStatusMessage("%d bytes written on disk", len);
return 0;
writeerr:
free(buf);
if (fd != -1) close(fd);
editorSetStatusMessage("Can't save! I/O error: %s", strerror(errno));
return 1;
}
/* ============================= Terminal update ============================ */
struct abuf {
size_t i, n;
char *p;
};
static void abAppend(struct abuf *ab, const char *s, int len) {
CONCAT(&ab->p, &ab->i, &ab->n, s, len);
}
/* This function writes the whole screen using VT100 escape characters
* starting from the logical state of the editor in the global state 'E'. */
void editorRefreshScreen(void) {
int y;
erow *r;
char buf[32];
struct abuf ab;
memset(&ab, 0, sizeof(ab));
abAppend(&ab, "\e[?25l", 6); /* Hide cursor. */
abAppend(&ab, "\e[H", 3); /* Go home. */
for (y = 0; y < E.screenrows; y++) {
int filerow = E.rowoff + y;
if (filerow >= E.numrows) {
if (E.numrows == 0 && y == E.screenrows / 3) {
char welcome[80];
int welcomelen =
snprintf(welcome, sizeof(welcome),
"Kilo editor -- verison %s\e[0K\r\n", KILO_VERSION);
int padding = (E.screencols - welcomelen) / 2;
if (padding) {
abAppend(&ab, "~", 1);
padding--;
}
while (padding--) abAppend(&ab, " ", 1);
abAppend(&ab, welcome, welcomelen);
} else {
abAppend(&ab, "~\e[0K\r\n", 7);
}
continue;
}
r = &E.row[filerow];
int len = r->rsize - E.coloff;
#if SYNTAX
int current_color = -1;
#endif
if (len > 0) {
if (len > E.screencols) len = E.screencols;
char *c = r->render + E.coloff;
#if SYNTAX
unsigned char *hl = r->hl + E.coloff;
#endif
int j;
for (j = 0; j < len; j++) {
#if SYNTAX
if (hl[j] == HL_NONPRINT) {
char sym;
abAppend(&ab, "\e[7m", 4);
if (c[j] <= 26)
sym = '@' + c[j];
else
sym = '?';
abAppend(&ab, &sym, 1);
abAppend(&ab, "\e[0m", 4);
} else if (hl[j] == HL_NORMAL) {
if (current_color != -1) {
abAppend(&ab, "\e[39m", 5);
current_color = -1;
}
#endif
abAppend(&ab, c + j, 1);
#if SYNTAX
} else {
int color = editorSyntaxToColor(hl[j]);
if (color != current_color) {
char buf_[16];
int clen = snprintf(buf_, sizeof(buf_), "\e[%dm", color);
current_color = color;
abAppend(&ab, buf_, clen);
}
abAppend(&ab, c + j, 1);
}
#endif
}
}
abAppend(&ab, "\e[39m", 5);
abAppend(&ab, "\e[0K", 4);
abAppend(&ab, "\r\n", 2);
}
/* Create a two rows status. First row: */
abAppend(&ab, "\e[0K", 4);
abAppend(&ab, "\e[7m", 4);
char status[80], rstatus[80];
int len = snprintf(status, sizeof(status), "%.20s - %d lines %s", E.filename,
E.numrows, E.dirty ? "(modified)" : "");
int rlen = snprintf(rstatus, sizeof(rstatus), "%d/%d", E.rowoff + E.cy + 1,
E.numrows);
if (len > E.screencols) len = E.screencols;
abAppend(&ab, status, len);
while (len < E.screencols) {
if (E.screencols - len == rlen) {
abAppend(&ab, rstatus, rlen);
break;
} else {
abAppend(&ab, " ", 1);
len++;
}
}
abAppend(&ab, "\e[0m\r\n", 6);
/* Second row depends on E.statusmsg and the status message update time. */
abAppend(&ab, "\e[0K", 4);
int msglen = strlen(E.statusmsg);
if (msglen && time(NULL) - E.statusmsg_time < 5)
abAppend(&ab, E.statusmsg, msglen <= E.screencols ? msglen : E.screencols);
/* Put cursor at its current position. Note that the horizontal position
* at which the cursor is displayed may be different compared to 'E.cx'
* because of TABs. */
int j;
int cx = 1;
int filerow = E.rowoff + E.cy;
erow *row = (filerow >= E.numrows) ? NULL : &E.row[filerow];
if (row) {
for (j = E.coloff; j < (E.cx + E.coloff); j++) {
if (j < row->size && row->chars[j] == CTRL('I')) cx += 7 - ((cx) % 8);
cx++;
}
}
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "\e[%d;%dH", E.cy + 1, cx);
abAppend(&ab, buf, strlen(buf));
abAppend(&ab, "\e[?25h", 6); /* Show cursor. */
write(STDOUT_FILENO, ab.p, ab.i);
free(ab.p);
}
/* Set an editor status message for the second line of the status, at the
* end of the screen. */
void editorSetStatusMessage(const char *fmt, ...) {
va_list ap;
va_start(ap, fmt);
vsnprintf(E.statusmsg, sizeof(E.statusmsg), fmt, ap);
va_end(ap);
E.statusmsg_time = time(NULL);
}
/* =============================== Find mode ================================ */
#define KILO_QUERY_LEN 256
void editorFind(int64_t fd) {
char query[KILO_QUERY_LEN + 1] = {0};
int qlen = 0;
int last_match = -1; /* Last line where a match was found. -1 for none. */
int find_next = 0; /* if 1 search next, if -1 search prev. */
int saved_hl_line = -1; /* No saved HL */
char *saved_hl = NULL;
#define FIND_RESTORE_HL \
do { \
if (saved_hl) { \
memcpy(E.row[saved_hl_line].hl, saved_hl, E.row[saved_hl_line].rsize); \
saved_hl = NULL; \
} \
} while (0)
/* Save the cursor position in order to restore it later. */
int saved_cx = E.cx, saved_cy = E.cy;
int saved_coloff = E.coloff, saved_rowoff = E.rowoff;
while (1) {
editorSetStatusMessage("Search: %s (Use ESC/Arrows/Enter)", query);
editorRefreshScreen();
int c = editorReadKey(fd);
if (c == DEL_KEY || c == CTRL('H') || c == CTRL('?')) {
if (qlen != 0) query[--qlen] = '\0';
last_match = -1;
} else if (c == CTRL('G')) {
break;
} else if (c == CTRL('[') || c == CTRL('M')) {
if (c == CTRL('[')) {
E.cx = saved_cx;
E.cy = saved_cy;
E.coloff = saved_coloff;
E.rowoff = saved_rowoff;
}
FIND_RESTORE_HL;
editorSetStatusMessage("");
return;
} else if (c == ARROW_RIGHT || c == ARROW_DOWN) {
find_next = 1;
} else if (c == ARROW_LEFT || c == ARROW_UP) {
find_next = -1;
} else if (isprint(c)) {
if (qlen < KILO_QUERY_LEN) {
query[qlen++] = c;
query[qlen] = '\0';
last_match = -1;
}
}
/* Search occurrence. */
if (last_match == -1) find_next = 1;
if (find_next) {
char *match = NULL;
int match_offset = 0;
int i, current = last_match;
for (i = 0; i < E.numrows; i++) {
current += find_next;
if (current == -1)
current = E.numrows - 1;
else if (current == E.numrows)
current = 0;
match = strstr(E.row[current].render, query);
if (match) {
match_offset = match - E.row[current].render;
break;
}
}
find_next = 0;
/* Highlight */
FIND_RESTORE_HL;
if (match) {
erow *row = &E.row[current];
last_match = current;
if (row->hl) {
saved_hl_line = current;
saved_hl = malloc(row->rsize);
memcpy(saved_hl, row->hl, row->rsize);
memset(row->hl + match_offset, HL_MATCH, qlen);
}
E.cy = 0;
E.cx = match_offset;
E.rowoff = current;
E.coloff = 0;
/* Scroll horizontally as needed. */
if (E.cx > E.screencols) {
int diff = E.cx - E.screencols;
E.cx -= diff;
E.coloff += diff;
}
}
}
}
}
/* ========================= Editor events handling ======================== */
/* Handle cursor position change because arrow keys were pressed. */
void editorMoveCursor(int key) {
int filerow = E.rowoff + E.cy;
int filecol = E.coloff + E.cx;
int rowlen;
erow *row = (filerow >= E.numrows) ? NULL : &E.row[filerow];
switch (key) {
case ARROW_LEFT:
if (E.cx == 0) {
if (E.coloff) {
E.coloff--;
} else {
if (filerow > 0) {
E.cy--;
E.cx = E.row[filerow - 1].size;
if (E.cx > E.screencols - 1) {
E.coloff = E.cx - E.screencols + 1;
E.cx = E.screencols - 1;
}
}
}
} else {
E.cx -= 1;
}
break;
case ARROW_RIGHT:
if (row && filecol < row->size) {
if (E.cx == E.screencols - 1) {
E.coloff++;
} else {
E.cx += 1;
}
} else if (row && filecol == row->size) {
E.cx = 0;
E.coloff = 0;
if (E.cy == E.screenrows - 1) {
E.rowoff++;
} else {
E.cy += 1;
}
}
break;
case ARROW_UP:
if (E.cy == 0) {
if (E.rowoff) E.rowoff--;
} else {
E.cy -= 1;
}
break;
case ARROW_DOWN:
if (filerow < E.numrows) {
if (E.cy == E.screenrows - 1) {
E.rowoff++;
} else {
E.cy += 1;
}
}
break;
}
/* Fix cx if the current line has not enough chars. */
filerow = E.rowoff + E.cy;
filecol = E.coloff + E.cx;
row = (filerow >= E.numrows) ? NULL : &E.row[filerow];
rowlen = row ? row->size : 0;
if (filecol > rowlen) {
E.cx -= filecol - rowlen;
if (E.cx < 0) {
E.coloff += E.cx;
E.cx = 0;
}
}
}
/* Process events arriving from the standard input, which is, the user
* is typing stuff on the terminal. */
#define KILO_QUIT_TIMES 3
void editorProcessKeypress(int64_t fd) {
/* When the file is modified, requires Ctrl-q to be pressed N times
* before actually quitting. */
static int quit_times;
int c, c2, times, oldcx;
c = editorReadKey(fd);
switch (c) {
case CTRL('M'): /* Enter */
editorInsertNewline();
break;
case CTRL('C'): /* Ctrl-c */
/* We ignore ctrl-c, it can't be so simple to lose the changes
* to the edited file. */
break;
case CTRL('Q'): /* Ctrl-q */
/* Quit if the file was already saved. */
if (E.dirty && quit_times < KILO_QUIT_TIMES) {
editorSetStatusMessage("WARNING!!! File has unsaved changes. "
"Press Ctrl-Q %d more times to quit.",
KILO_QUIT_TIMES - quit_times);
quit_times++;
return;
}
exit(0);
break;
case CTRL('U'):
case CTRL('X'): {
c2 = editorReadKey(fd);
switch (c2) {
case CTRL('S'):
editorSave();
break;
case CTRL('C'): {
/* write(STDOUT_FILENO, "\r\e[0J", 5); */
exit(0);
break;
}
default: /* ignore */
break;
}
break;
}
case CTRL('S'):
editorFind(fd);
break;
case CTRL('D'): /* Delete */
case DEL_KEY:
editorMoveCursor(ARROW_RIGHT);
case CTRL('?'): /* Backspace */
case CTRL('H'):
editorDelChar();
break;
case CTRL('K'): { /* Kill Line */
oldcx = E.cx;
do {
editorMoveCursor(ARROW_RIGHT);
} while (E.cx);
editorMoveCursor(ARROW_LEFT);
if (E.cx) {
/* non-empty line: preserve row */
while (E.cx > oldcx) {
editorDelChar();
}
} else {
/* empty line: remove row */
editorMoveCursor(ARROW_RIGHT);
editorDelChar();
}
break;
}
case CTRL('L'):
times = E.screenrows / 2;
while (times--) editorMoveCursor(c == PAGE_UP ? ARROW_UP : ARROW_DOWN);
times = E.screenrows / 2;
while (times--) editorMoveCursor(c == PAGE_UP ? ARROW_DOWN : ARROW_UP);
break;
case PAGE_UP:
case PAGE_DOWN:
if (c == PAGE_UP && E.cy != 0) {
E.cy = 0;
} else if (c == PAGE_DOWN && E.cy != E.screenrows - 1) {
E.cy = E.screenrows - 1;
}
times = E.screenrows;
while (times--) editorMoveCursor(c == PAGE_UP ? ARROW_UP : ARROW_DOWN);
times = E.screenrows / 2;
while (times--) editorMoveCursor(c == PAGE_UP ? ARROW_DOWN : ARROW_UP);
break;
case HOME_KEY:
case CTRL('A'):
while (E.cx || E.coloff) editorMoveCursor(ARROW_LEFT);
break;
case END_KEY:
case CTRL('E'):
do {
editorMoveCursor(ARROW_RIGHT);
} while (E.cx);
editorMoveCursor(ARROW_LEFT);
break;
case CTRL('P'):
editorMoveCursor(ARROW_UP);
break;
case CTRL('N'):
editorMoveCursor(ARROW_DOWN);
break;
case CTRL('B'):
editorMoveCursor(ARROW_LEFT);
break;
case CTRL('F'):
editorMoveCursor(ARROW_RIGHT);
break;
case ARROW_UP:
case ARROW_DOWN:
case ARROW_LEFT:
case ARROW_RIGHT:
editorMoveCursor(c);
break;
case CTRL('['):
/* Nothing to do for ESC in this mode. */
break;
default:
editorInsertChar(c);
break;
}
quit_times = 0; /* Reset it to the original value. */
}
int editorFileWasModified(void) {
return E.dirty;
}
void initEditor(void) {
E.cx = 0;
E.cy = 0;
E.rowoff = 0;
E.coloff = 0;
E.numrows = 0;
E.row = NULL;
E.dirty = 0;
E.filename = NULL;
E.syntax = NULL;
if (getWindowSize(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO, &E.screenrows,
&E.screencols) == -1) {
perror("Unable to query the screen for size (columns / rows)");
exit(1);
}
E.screenrows -= 2; /* Get room for status bar. */
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
showcrashreports();
if (argc != 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: kilo <filename>\n");
exit(1);
}
initEditor();
editorSelectSyntaxHighlight(argv[1]);
editorOpen(argv[1]);
enableRawMode(STDIN_FILENO);
editorSetStatusMessage("HELP: Ctrl-S = save | Ctrl-Q = quit | Ctrl-F = find");
while (1) {
editorRefreshScreen();
editorProcessKeypress(STDIN_FILENO);
}
return 0;
}
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